Environmental and health risks with artificial turf fields
Wredh, G
Location
DiVA
Link:
Abstract
In Sweden today many municipalities and sport clubs chooses to build artificial turfs because of the increased period of using the turfs during the year and less maintenance requirements than for natural grass fields. What could be problematic with artificial turfs is the rubber granules used as infill material in the turf matt. The rubber granules are often made from recycled tires, which may contain for the human health and the environment, harmful substances.This was the reason why the Swedish Chemicals Agency commissioned a status report in 2006 which, among other things, concluded that the environmental and health risks associated with granules made from recycled tires in artificial turf fields were small, but that there could be a local environmental hazard. The purpose and objective of the risk assessment was to identify how artificial turf plans granules can affect recipients in the area close to the pitches and provide input to reduce the spread of metals and substances harmful for both human health and the surrounding environment. The work was divided into three parts:(1) the construction of artificial turf pitches and their material content, the spread of granulates outside the fields and disposal of artificial turf pitches. (2) Measured concentrations and substances from granulates and a review of environmental and health risk assessments fromthe literature. (3) Results from the studies own research and a brief risk assessment of artificialturf fields in Västerås. The research consisted of two parts. One mapping part, where questionnaires were sent out to a stratified sample of respondents and one part consisting oftaking soil profile samples and onsite visits and mapping analyzes in Arc-GIS. The results of the work’s own research are as follows: - Youth playing soccer in an indoor hall with EPDM granules experience discomfort such as itching of the body and poor air quality.The majority of the adult players who answered the questionnaire do not experience any discomfort when playing soccer on artificial turfs fields. - The majority of the surveyed municipalities have not received any complaints regarding artificial turf fields (regarding human health and the surrounding environment). - Artificial turf fields do not cause any negative impact on the surrounding infrastructure such as the stormwater system. - At the onsite visit the majority of the artificial turf fields had substantial amounts of granules spread out around the fields, both on hard surfaces, in and around stormwater inlet and on the grass and gravel covered areas. - In the soil profile samples at one of the artificial turf fields, granulate was found at depths down to 10 cm. - An artificial turf field is considered worn out after 8-10 years. After that time, depending on the fields condition, it will be reused at other areas or energy recovered by combustion